The Ethics Of Physician Assisted Suicide - 1723 Words

Physician assisted suicide, the suicide of a patient suffering from an incurable disease, effected by the taking of lethal drugs provided by a doctor for this purpose. The question of whether or not this practice should be made legal in the United States has been one of controversy since 1997. Beginning with the case of Washington v. Glucksberg, where the United States Supreme Court ruled that the matter of the constitutionality of a right to a physician’s aid in dying, was best left up to the states. Then gaining even more controversy when Oregon passed the Death with Dignity Act, which allowed terminally-ill Oregonians to end their lives by the practice of physician assisted suicide. (CNN.com) Proponents of physician assisted suicide†¦show more content†¦The practice is only legal in the states of Oregon, Vermont, Washington, and California, with Oregon being the first state to legalize the practice in 1994 and California being the latest state to legalize it in 201 5. Although the practice is legal within the states mentioned, each state has its own laws and regulations as to who can receive the assisted suicide, in addition to what kind of physician must perform the assisted suicide and what procedures they must take. For example, in the state of Oregon, the patient must have a terminal illness in addition to a prognosis of six months or less to live. The physician providing the service must be either a Doctor of Medicine or a Doctor of Osteopathy and be willing to participate the act. In a different state such as California, the patient requesting an assisted suicide must first submit two oral requests, fifteen days apart, with a written request sent directly to his or her attending physician. California also requires the physician performing the practice to be either a Doctor of Medicine or a Doctor of Osteopathy and be willing to participate the act. (CNN.com) One organization in particular that aids terminally ill patients with informatio n regarding physician assisted suicide is the Final Exit Network. Originally known as the Hemlock Society which was organized in 1980 then over time split into two organizations known as the Final

Several Acts and Codes of Education During the Victorian Period Free Essays

Education during the Victorian Period progressed due to several acts and codes over the years. Voluntary schools, which the Church provided, were founded by the Anglican National Society after the grant of 1833 was proposed. The grant went to religious bodies, which were used to build schools. We will write a custom essay sample on Several Acts and Codes of Education During the Victorian Period or any similar topic only for you Order Now It was the first acceptance by the government to provide the poor with an education. The grant increased to 30,000 pounds in 1839 and then to 100,000 pounds in 1846. These voluntary schools were paid for by private subscription and were spread out over the country. Gladstone†s Bill of 1870 was the work of W.E. Forster, who was an ardent churchman of Quaker origin. The bill doubled the State Grant to church schools and to Roman Catholic schools so they could become a permanent part of the new educational system. There were seven elite boarding schools that were defined as â€Å"Public Schools† in the 1860†³s by the educational Clarendon commission. They were Eton, Harrow, Westminster, Rugby, Winchester, Charterhouse, and Shrewsbury. They were maintained by private funding and received no profits. The Code of 1890 made it possible to maintain evening continuation schools, which we think are night schools. The new schools were known as Board Schools and they were paid for by local rates, or by the local school boards. Church teaching continued in all national schools. Before this, all the churches had to provide the education. The Roman Catholics and the Anglicans wouldn†t let their children go to these schools, though. They felt that these schools did not adequately teach their religious ideas. Board schools were introduced and the Roman Catholics and the Anglicans agreed that these schools satisfied all their educational needs. The acts of 1876 and 1880 made attendance in schools necessary. During the first few years of Queen Victoria†s reign, 30-50% of the children went to school. The most common schools were Sunday schools. They went there if they weren†t working and while there they learned how to â€Å"read† the Bible. Its primary function was to fit people for their place in the social order. From 1870-1890 the average school attendance rose from 1.25 million to 4.5 million and the money spent on each child was doubled. After the New County Council was established, an effective step towards a system of secondary education was taken Only 8% of male children received any secondary education. After the 1870†³s there were a growing number of girls† public schools. They used older children to teach the younger and the education took place in one large room. This made it possible to have fewer teachers and to have lower building costs. With the passage of two acts, you had to go schools until you were 12 years of age and education was provided for the blind and deaf children. It wasn†t until 1899 and the establishment of the National Board of Education that free public education was available to all children in England. The emphasis on modernizing endowments, making scholarships competitive, providing a non-classical course of study as an alternative to the traditional one that emphasized Greek and Latin, establishing house systems, stressing school spirit, emphasizing muscular Christianity and games like football and cricket as means of improving character, became a model for other Victorian public schools. The whole education process was designed to mold students into young Christian gentlemen and ladies. Education During the Victorian Period Education during the Victorian Period progressed due to several acts and codes over the years. Voluntary schools, which the Church provided, were founded by the Anglican National Society after the grant of 1833 was proposed. The grant went to religious bodies, which were used to build schools. It was the first acceptance by the government to provide the poor with an education. The grant increased to 30,000 pounds in 1839 and then to 100,000 pounds in 1846. These voluntary schools were paid for by private subscription and were spread out over the country. Gladstone†s Bill of 1870 was the work of W.E. Forster, who was an ardent churchman of Quaker origin. The bill doubled the State Grant to church schools and to Roman Catholic schools so they could become a permanent part of the new educational system. There were seven elite boarding schools that were defined as â€Å"Public Schools† in the 1860†³s by the educational Clarendon commission. They were Eton, Harrow, Westminster, Rugby, Winchester, Charterhouse, and Shrewsbury. They were maintained by private funding and received no profits. The Code of 1890 made it possible to maintain evening continuation schools, which we think are night schools. The new schools were known as Board Schools and they were paid for by local rates, or by the local school boards. Church teaching continued in all national schools. Before this, all the churches had to provide the education. The Roman Catholics and the Anglicans wouldn†t let their children go to these schools, though. They felt that these schools did not adequately teach their religious ideas. Board schools were introduced and the Roman Catholics and the Anglicans agreed that these schools satisfied all their educational needs. The acts of 1876 and 1880 made attendance in schools necessary. During the first few years of Queen Victoria†s reign, 30-50% of the children went to school. The most common schools were Sunday schools. They went there if they weren†t working and while there they learned how to â€Å"read† the Bible. Its primary function was to fit people for their place in the social order. From 1870-1890 the average school attendance rose from 1.25 million to 4.5 million and the money spent on each child was doubled. After the New County Council was established, an effective step towards a system of secondary education was taken Only 8% of male children received any secondary education. After the 1870†³s there were a growing number of girls† public schools. They used older children to teach the younger and the education took place in one large room. This made it possible to have fewer teachers and to have lower building costs. With the passage of two acts, you had to go schools until you were 12 years of age and education was provided for the blind and deaf children. It wasn†t until 1899 and the establishment of the National Board of Education that free public education was available to all children in England. The emphasis on modernizing endowments, making scholarships competitive, providing a non-classical course of study as an alternative to the traditional one that emphasized Greek and Latin, establishing house systems, stressing school spirit, emphasizing muscular Christianity and games like football and cricket as means of improving character, became a model for other Victorian public schools. The whole education process was designed to mold students into young Christian gentlemen and ladies. How to cite Several Acts and Codes of Education During the Victorian Period, Papers

Broad History of Culinary Arts Essay Example For Students

Broad History of Culinary Arts Essay A Broad History Of the Culinary Arts Introduction Culinary arts describe the art involving the preparation and cooking of foods. Culinary artists are usually responsible for preparing meals skillfully, which implies that the food made is appealing to the eye and the palate. The culinary arts history dates back from asses, when the first school in Boston involved in teaching the art tot cooking became discovered. Various changes have taken place in the culinary arts from the discovery time to the present, For instance, various cooking methods are continuously being discovered. Although cooking was once taken as a household chore supposed to be carried out by women as men worked in the field, it has presently developed and has become a worlds wonder and highly attracting both men and women due to its ability to provide incomes, Today, cooking is not just a hobby but also a job to the American people. In this paper, I will discuss the evolution of the culinary arts commencing in the prehistoric times to the present. The history of culinary arts dates back to 1800* a time when the first cooking school became established in Boston. The cooking school established in Boston taught students how to prepare different foods and prepared them on passing knowledge to Others. The Boston cooking school was a chief contributor in the creativeness of culinary professionals everywhere. However. More schools began popping up, and up to now, there are about 21 ,000 universities teaching culinary arts programs (Toasting-Assam 29). Apart from the immense contribution of Boston cooking school, another vast contributor to the early culinary arts is Fannies merit book on American culinary arts and recipes. This book became published in 1896; it became the first ever official cookbook in America. During the time, the hook became highly demanded since every household demanded the book as it was valued and used in every days life. This original book tot cooking is still utilized in the present age as a reference in the cooking profession (Glazer 103). The next phase involving the history of culinary arts describes the culinary arts being taken to the television, in 1946, where the father of American cuisine; also known as James Beard held regular classes of cooking. This gave lesson o individuals desiring to know more regarding the cooking profession. The appearance of cooking lessons in the television brought a lot of changes to the cooking profession. Individuals desiring to become cooks became inspired since one was not required to pay anything in order to learn how to prepare and cook various cuisines; all that a person required was listening to cooking lessons on the television and then applying the learnt lessons practically. Many people did not understand how to prepare certain recipes not until there were free classes on televisions. In the sasss, people had the mentality that cooking was meant for women and participation of men in the cooking became deemed as a failure of mans responsibility. However, in the early 1 asss, people commenced appreciating the art of cooking with the emergence of industries. The emergence of businesses such as tourist hotels made cooking become a vast profession that could hold almost all individuals regardless whether one was a female or male (Medicines 49). This exceedingly gave the culinary arts a bit of professionalism, although not to a vast deal. Later, in 1946, the Culinary Institute of America became established. The establishment of the Culinary Institute of America brought changes in the professionalism of cooking. Since the institute is non-profit organization, it was capable of supporting professionalism in cooking without the objective of making a profit. This made most individuals join the cooking professionalism. Unlike the earlier days, most men joined the cooking profession. The college still offers professional education in cooking. Training materials, videos and books from the college have been used to train professionals and non-professionals in cooking. .uf6ddc0c15a1306a18e25b85f4c6c0cd2 , .uf6ddc0c15a1306a18e25b85f4c6c0cd2 .postImageUrl , .uf6ddc0c15a1306a18e25b85f4c6c0cd2 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf6ddc0c15a1306a18e25b85f4c6c0cd2 , .uf6ddc0c15a1306a18e25b85f4c6c0cd2:hover , .uf6ddc0c15a1306a18e25b85f4c6c0cd2:visited , .uf6ddc0c15a1306a18e25b85f4c6c0cd2:active { border:0!important; } .uf6ddc0c15a1306a18e25b85f4c6c0cd2 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf6ddc0c15a1306a18e25b85f4c6c0cd2 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf6ddc0c15a1306a18e25b85f4c6c0cd2:active , .uf6ddc0c15a1306a18e25b85f4c6c0cd2:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf6ddc0c15a1306a18e25b85f4c6c0cd2 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf6ddc0c15a1306a18e25b85f4c6c0cd2 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf6ddc0c15a1306a18e25b85f4c6c0cd2 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf6ddc0c15a1306a18e25b85f4c6c0cd2 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf6ddc0c15a1306a18e25b85f4c6c0cd2:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf6ddc0c15a1306a18e25b85f4c6c0cd2 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf6ddc0c15a1306a18e25b85f4c6c0cd2 .uf6ddc0c15a1306a18e25b85f4c6c0cd2-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf6ddc0c15a1306a18e25b85f4c6c0cd2:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Television Families EssayCooking techniques have changed over time, due to interaction between various individuals. For instance, the interaction between the Americans and Africans has led to learning Of new techniques Of cooking embraced by the different groups (Strauss 43). In the same way, the interaction of Americans with the Asians has led to the adoption of new cooking techniques (Lebanese 36). Also, new techniques have developed with the advance of time; traditional cooking techniques have been replaced by new techniques that are still emerging with the advancement of the cooking profession. Conclusion Culinary art involves the art of preparing and cooking different cuisines, Various changes have taken place in the culinary arts trot the discovery time to the present. For instance, various cooking methods are continuously being discovered Although cooking was once taken as a household chore supposed to be carried out by women as men worked in the field, it has presently developed and has become a worlds wonder and highly attracting both men and oven due to its ability to provide Changes have occurred in the cooking techniques emanating from the advancement of the cooking profession and integration of communities.